Black Lithium Niobate wafer

Free-pyro black LiNbO3 and LiTaO3 wafers were prepared successfully by chemical
reduction under a mixed atmosphere of CO2 and H2. Bulk conductivity and optical
transmittance of the black LiNbO3 and black LiTaO3 wafers were measured. The
results showed that the pyroelectric effect for the reduced wafers was almost
eliminated and the transmittance decreased considerably. The reduction process
did not change Curie temperatures or piezoelectric properties of LN and LT
wafers, while neutralize electrical charges even if the electrical potential
occurs instantaneously.
The reduction technology is used to produce Black Lithium Niobate (LiNbO3)
which has high ability to neutralize electrical charges even if the electrical
potential occurs instantaneously. Black Lithium Niobate shows no difference in
piezoelectric properties from standard wafers. As a result, black reduced
lithium niobate wafers are widely adopted to produce higher frequency SAW
devices. 

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