Industrial Machinery & Equipment - OthersHome > Offers to Sell > Industrial Machinery & Equipment > Others > Others
12/19/25 8:35 GMT
ASTM A234 WPB Buttweld Tee
The ASTM A234 WPB buttweld Tee is manufactured using seamless or welded pipes that conform to the ASTM A106 or ASTM A53 specifications. The buttweld tee fitting is designed to withstand high-pressure applications and is ideal for use in the oil and gas, chemical processing, and power generation industries. Buttweld Pipe Tee is a type of pipe fitting that is T-shaped, having two outlets at 90° to the connection to the main line. It is a short piece of pipe with a lateral outlet. Pipe Tee is used to connect pipelines with a pipe at a right angle to the line. Pipe Tees are widely used as pipe fittings. Standards : ASME / ANSI – B 16.9, ASTM A403 – ASME SA403, ASME B16.9, ASME B16.25, ASME B16.28, MSS SP-43. Size: 1/2″NB TO 48″NB IN Thickness : Schedule 5S, 10S, 20S, S10, S20, S30, STD, 40S, S40, S60, XS, 80S, S80, S100, S120, S140, S160, XXS and etc. Form: Equal Tee, Unequal Tee, Reducing Tee, Barred Tee, Lateral Tee. It is widely used in the petroleum, chemical industry, power plant, and food industry manufacturing, construction, shipbuilding, paper making, medicine, and other industries. to join pipe sections together with other fluid control products like valves and pumps to create pipelines. The ASTM A234 WPB buttweld Tee is manufactured using seamless or welded pipes that conform to the ASTM A106 or ASTM A53 specifications. The buttweld tee fitting is designed to withstand high-pressure applications and is ideal for use in the oil and gas, chemical processing, and power generation industries. Minimum Order: 100 Contact:
Phone: Fax: Email: HEBEI JINSHENG PIPE FITTING MANUFACTURING CO., LT
Wuliyao Industry Zone, Yanshan County, Cangzhou 061300 China 12/19/25 8:19 GMT
90° Buttweld Elbow
There are 45° short radius elbows and 45° long radius elbows. Long radius elbows(LR elbow) provide smaller flow resistance and pressure loss, and are suitable for general piping systems; Short radius elbows (SR elbow) are suitable for limited space or situations that require faster changes in flow direction. The Buttweld 90 Degree Elbow offers superior flow dynamics in piping systems, ensuring efficient fluid transport with minimal pressure loss. Ideal for industries that require robust, leakproof connections, such as oil, gas, and wastewater management. Buttweld is used to connect the ends of pipes and fittings by a butt welding process. Also known as welded pipe fittings. It has ended in beveled or plain, dimensions normally from 3/4” to 24”. Manufactured according to ASME B16.9. In various materials like carbon steel , alloy steel, and stainless steel. The butt weld elbow is designed to change the direction of the fluid in the piping system. It has a long radius (LR) and a short radius (SR) elbow types and has different degrees of coverage to 45 degrees, 90 degrees, and 180 degrees. Buttweld elbow is a steel elbow formed by hot pressing or forging. Its connection form is to weld the elbow and steel pipe directly. Butt-welded elbows are mainly used for elbows with higher pressure and temperature than other connection types (socket welded elbow or threaded pipe elbow). Specifications The Buttweld 90 degree Elbow is available in various sizes, making it suitable for a broad range of applications. It’s specifically designed to handle high pressures and temperatures, making it a versatile choice for demanding industrial applications. Choose the Buttweld Elbow 90 Degree for a dependable, efficient, and durable solution in your piping systems. Its robust construction and precise design ensure optimal performance in any setting. Minimum Order: 100 Contact:
Phone: Fax: Email: HEBEI JINSHENG PIPE FITTING MANUFACTURING CO., LT
Wuliyao Industry Zone, Yanshan County, Cangzhou 061300 China 12/19/25 8:13 GMT
45° Buttweld Elbow
Standard: ASME B16.9, ANSI B16.28,GOST 17375, GOST 30253 ,etc Material & Grades: Carbon Steel: ASTM A234, ASME SA234 WPB, WPBW, WPHY 42, WPHY 46, WPHY 52, WPH 60, WPHY 65 & WPHY 70. Stainless Steel: ASTM A403 WP316/316L, ASTM A403 SA / A774 WP-S, WP-W, WP-WX 304/304L, ASTM A182 F316L, 304L, DIN 1.4301, DIN1.4306, DIN 1.4401, DIN 1.4404 Standard Specification For Buttweld 45 Deg Pipe Elbow: Dimensions : ASME/ANSI B16.9, ASME B16.28, ANSI B16.28,GOST 17375, GOST 30253 ,etc Size : Seamless Elbow ( 1/2″~24″), ERW / Welded / Fabricated Elbow (1/2″~ 48″) Type: Seamless / ERW / Welded / Fabricated Thickness: Schedule 5S, 10S, 20S, S10, S20, S30, STD, 40S, S40, S60, XS, 80S, S80, S100, S120, S140, S160, XXS and etc. Form: Elbow, 45 Deg Elbow, Long Radius Elbow, Short Radius Elbow, LR Elbow, SR Elbow. Other Services: Hot Dip Galvanizing, Sand Blasting, Coating – FBE/3LPE/PTFE Material & Grades of Buttweld 45 Deg. Pipe Elbow : Stainless Steel Buttweld 45° Pipe Elbow : ASTM A403 WP316/316L, ASTM A403 SA / A 774 WP-S, WP-W, WP-WX 304/304L, ASTM A182 F316L, 304L, DIN 1.4301, DIN1.4306, DIN 1.4401, DIN 1.4404 Carbon Steel Buttweld 45° Pipe Elbow : ASTM A234, ASME SA234 WPB , WPBW, WPHY 42, WPHY 46, WPHY 52, WPH 60, WPHY 65 & WPHY 70. Alloy Steel Buttweld 45° Pipe Elbow : ASTM / ASME A/SA 234 Gr. WP 1, WP 5, WP 9, WP 11, WP 12, WP 22, WP 91 There are many butt weld elbow sizes and schedules to choose from. Buttweld 45 Deg Elbow Application: ASME B16.9 45 Degree Elbows are known to deliver exceptional performance and are generally developed for meeting the demands. These 45Deg. Buttweld Elbow is use in various industries like : Stainless Steel 45° Buttweld Elbow uses in Oil and Gas Pipeline 45° Buttweld Pipe Elbow uses in Chemical Industry Alloy Steel 45° Elbow uses in Plumbing Buttweld 45 Degree Pipe Elbow uses in Heating 45 Degree Buttweld Elbow Uses in Water Supply Systems ANSI B16.9 Buttweld 45° Pipe Elbow uses in Power Plant 45° Elbow uses in Paper & Pulp Industry 45° Degree Elbow uses in General Purpose Applications Buttweld 45° Long Radius Elbow uses in the Fabrication Industry 45° Buttweld Elbow uses in Food Processing Industry Buttweld 45° Short Radius Elbow uses in Structural Pipe Cooperate with Rayoung, you will enjoy the following benefits. Rayoung–A leading Butt Weld pipe fittings, flanges and steel pipes supplier& factory in China. We’re here to help with your industry pipe fittings and flange needs. Rayoung has been in the business of industrial pipe fittings since 1983, and we’re confident we can help you find a solution more quickly, affordably, and with greater expertise than the competition. We’d love to learn more about your project today! Minimum Order: 10 long tons Contact:
Phone: Fax: Email: HEBEI JINSHENG PIPE FITTING MANUFACTURING CO., LT
Wuliyao Industry Zone, Yanshan County, Cangzhou 061300 China 11/28/25 7:18 GMT
Single Workstations Cigarette Tipping Paper Laser Perforating Machine
In modern cigarette production, the perforation process of the cigarette paper directly affects the cigarette's draw resistance, taste, and harm reduction effects. With consumers' growing concern for health, cigarette companies have higher requirements for the precision, efficiency, and stability of cigarette paper perforation equipment. As an industry-leading high-end equipment, the single-station laser perforation machine is becoming the preferred solution for cigarette filler paper manufacturers with its outstanding performance. The single workstations cigarette tipping paper laser perforating machine is a professional equipment developed for cigarette filler paper production, owning multiple independent intellectual property rights. This equipment is not only easy to operate and perform stably but also integrates advanced functions such as multi-purpose and online diagnosis, achieving efficient and energy-saving perforation of the cigarette paper. Flexible configuration to meet diverse needs (the equipment provides a variety of customized options): 1.Laser head number selection: Single-station 4/6/8/12/16 heads flexible configuration to adapt to different production capacity needs 2. Power adjustable range: 200W/400W/600W/1000W multiple laser power options to match various material processing 3. Intelligent adaptability: Support cigarette paper perforation on both sides, especially solving the problem of punching through composite transfer paper Efficient and intelligent operation experience (the equipment adopts a humanized design, greatly reducing the operation threshold) 1. One-key start system: Quickly enter the working state within 30 seconds, reducing startup preparation time 2. Smart touch screen: Intuitively set key parameters such as prism speed, hole pitch, and laser power 3. Fully automatic detection: Fault self-diagnosis function automatically locates problems and provides solutions, reducing the risk of machine downtime Innovative technology ensures excellent quality (multiple patented technologies ensure product competitiveness) 1. Positive and negative perforation technology: Achieve precise punching for special materials, avoiding the common problem of incomplete punching in traditional processes 2. Online parameter correction: Respond to temperature and ink changes in real- time, adjust permeability parameters without stopping the machine, and ensure product consistency 3. Zero-meter cutoff system: Independently developed control algorithm, starting segment waste paper rate is less than 5 meters, and material utilization rate is increased by 30% Enable the entire industry chain to upgrade: 1. High-end cigarette filler manufacturing: Meet the strict requirements of domestic and foreign first-line cigarette brands for permeability and hole shape 2. Application of harm reduction and reduction technology: Effectively reduce tar and nicotine content by precisely controlling the amount of air inflow 3. Special material processing: Efficient processing of difficult-to-process materials such as composite transfer paper and ultra-thin cigarette filler paper 4. Small batch customization production: Flexible switching of hole shape and number of rows, quickly responding to market diversified needs The equipment has served many leading cigarette companies in China and successfully entered overseas markets such as Southeast Asia and Europe, gaining widespread recognition in the industry. Its outstanding performance helps customers achieve: 1. Production efficiency increased by more than 40% 2. Material loss reduced by 25% 3. Product pass rate stable at more than 99.8% From equipment selection, installation, and commissioning to production optimization, a professional team will provide full support to help your company stand out in the fierce market competition. For further understanding of the specific product quotation plan, please contact the business manager at 13476812833 or click the company's official website https://www.guanyoust.com/. —— Let technology empower production and innovation drive the future —— Contact:
Phone: Fax: Email: Wuhan Guan You Technology Co., Ltd.
Room 101, Building C, Changlong Pavilion, Jiangxia Economic and Technological Development Zone, Wuha Wuhan City, Hubei Province China 9/28/25 2:23 GMT
Hydraulic Breaker Seal Kit
T&H T&H-10 Hydraulic seal kit Produced using ultra-high-quality PPDI material, it is resistant to high temperatures of 150 ℃, has high resilience, and top-notch dynamic performance. T&H T&H-10 Hydraulic seal kit Produced using ultra-high-quality PPDI material, it is resistant to high temperatures of 150 ℃, has high resilience, and top-notch dynamic performance.hile achieving maximum production. Application Scenario Common applications of crushing hammers: 1. Mining: mining, mining, mesh crushing, secondary crushing; 2. Metallurgy: ladle and slag cleaning, furnace body dismantling, and equipment foundation dismantling; 3. Railway: mountain excavation, tunnel excavation, road and bridge demolition, roadbed compaction; 4. Highway: highway repair, cement pavement fragmentation, foundation excavation; 5. Municipal landscaping: concrete crushing, water, electricity, and gas engineering construction, and old city renovation; 6. Buildings: demolition of old buildings, crushing of reinforced concrete; 7. Ship: Hull clam removal and rust removal; our web:https://www.borise-seal.com/ Contact:
Phone: Fax: Email: Hangzhou Ruiwei Machinery Equipment Co., Ltd
Zhongnan High Tech Qianjiang Yungu Industrial Park, Hongtai Sixth Road, Xiaoshan District, Hangzhou zhejiang China 9/28/25 2:20 GMT
SOOSAN SB10 Hydraulic Breaker
SOOSAN SB10 Hydraulic Breaker: 1.2-ton class breaker for 1-3t excavators, 1350 BPM, 1.5 kW power, factory price! Durable and sturdy, it can provide you with the most economical ownership and operating costs while achieving maximum production. Application Scenario Almost suitable for any crushing application. Therefore, whether you are engaged in demolition, recycling, mining, construction, or quarrying work, our hammers can provide you with the best results. our web:https://www.borise-seal.com/ Contact:
Phone: Fax: Email: Hangzhou Ruiwei Machinery Equipment Co., Ltd
Zhongnan High Tech Qianjiang Yungu Industrial Park, Hongtai Sixth Road, Xiaoshan District, Hangzhou zhejiang China 9/28/25 2:03 GMT
Provider of professional excavator seal kits
The Company specializes in the design, production of polyurethane oil seals and has supplied new and replacement seal kits to world known brands of hydraulic breakers such as Soosan, General, Furukawa, Atlas copco, KRUPP, DAEMO, DOOSAN, TOKU, Montabert, FINE, Eddie etc. In China, we’re one of the only few suppliers of the seal kits to match the hydraulic breakers, occupying the market share of 50~70%. Produced using ultra-high-quality PPDI material, it is resistant to high temperatures of 150 ℃, has high resilience, and top-notch dynamic performance. our web:https://www.borise-seal.com Minimum Order: 1000 Contact:
Phone: Fax: Email: Hangzhou Ruiwei Machinery Equipment Co., Ltd
Zhongnan High Tech Qianjiang Yungu Industrial Park, Hongtai Sixth Road, Xiaoshan District, Hangzhou zhejiang China 9/26/25 10:10 GMT
New Model Mobile 3RP Series Electric Paste Rotary Lobe Rotor Pump for Sale
3RP series food-grade vane pump is a positive displacement pump characterized by stable flow, excellent self-priming capability, high efficiency, and low energy consumption. Its operating principle is not restricted by the physical or chemical properties of the medium, making it suitable for handling suspended liquids containing solid particles, corrosive media, and substances requiring sanitary compliance. Consequently, this pump finds extensive application across various processing industries, including daily chemicals, petroleum, biopharmaceuticals, brewing, and food production. Minimum Order: 1 bags Contact:
Phone: Fax: Email: Shenghui Pump
Hebei, Cangzhou, China Hebei 050000 China 9/25/25 5:18 GMT
aluminum extrusion profiles, aluminum extrusion mills, aluminum extrusion
YeJing Machinery is a professional aluminum extrusion profiles, aluminum extrusion mills, aluminum extrusion press, aluminum extrusion lineand profile aluminium extrusion China manufacturers, manufacturing company and suppliers with high quality and reasonable price. Welcome to get quotation or pricelist from our factory. Minimum Order: 1 bags Contact:
Phone: Fax: Email: Syoseo
Hangzhou Street Dongguan 311611 China 9/25/25 5:13 GMT
Custom Load Cell, Wholesale Force Sensor, Toruqe Sensor Suppliers - China M
Fibos is a innovate manufacturer who has a 20 years experience of load cell, force sensor, toruqe sensor, customized load cell. Welcome you to wholesale customized products from our factory. Contact us for OEM service. Minimum Order: 1 bags Contact:
Phone: Fax: Email: Syoseo
Hangzhou Street Dongguan 311611 China 9/18/25 7:12 GMT
Stainless Steel Castings
ZEN YOUNG’s investment casting foundry covers an area of approximately 30,000 square meters and has 110 employees. We offer full-service tooling casting processes, including stainless steel casting. We provide custom stainless steel castings and components for industries and applications such as automotive, food and dairy, machinery, medical, plumbing, water supply, mining, petrochemical, power, energy, aerospace, submarines, etc. We follow ISO 9001:2015 standardized production and can handle more than 200 alloys, ranging from 1 pound to more than 6,000 pounds.Typical tolerances are ± .005” per inch. The Types of Stainless Steel Casting Processes: There are several techniques used for stainless steel casting, such as stainless steel investment casting, shell mold casting, sand casting, ceramic mold casting. Among these, stainless steel investment casting provides the greatest benefits, particularly for producing complex shapes that demand high- quality surfaces, precise tolerances, and minimal machining or finishing after casting. This method is especially effective in lowering production costs by reducing the need for extensive post-casting processes. We will choose different casting methods for processing according to the product shape, material and your working conditions. Many years of processing experience can guarantee the quality of the casting parts. Additional Operations and Treatments for Stainless Steel Castings We Provide: - Precision machining with high accuracy - Zinc plating, nickel plating, electroplating, and chrome plating finishes - Anodizing, phosphating, acid treatment, and polishing services - Broaching, milling, drilling, and tapping processes - Surface grinding, sandblasting, and powder coating applications - Heat treatment Contact:
Phone: Fax: Email: ZEN YOUNG TECHNOLOGY HEBEI CO., LTD.
Tower A 2808-2809, No.363 South Tiyu Street, Century Central Mansion,Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China Shijiazhuang 050000 China 9/18/25 7:12 GMT
Copper Casting
Copper casting works best with investment casting but sand casting and centrifugal casting is also available. The casting option for your project will depend on project volume, corrosion resistance requirements, regulations and specifications, and sizing requirements. We strive to deliver efficient, affordable copper based castings and services for every project. Zen Young is your copper investment casting foundry for custom prototypes, ship propellers and plumbing fixtures and more. We can investment cast any part you require from copper-based alloys. Discover why customers trust us for all of their intricate and tight-tolerant needs when you order custom-cast copper- based parts. Request a quote for the copper-based castings for your application. Copper-based casting materials casting There are several copper and copper-based casting materials, including brass, bronze, and beryllium copper. Brass Castings: As the most popular copper-based castings, brass is a versatile material with a wide range of possible applications. Also known as red brass or yellow brass, this copper-based alloy is often used in plumbing, door hardware, and the drinking water industry. Brass castings have unique finishing qualities and are often polished to beautiful effect. Bronze Castings: This copper-based alloy is commonly seen in small components such as bearings, which have a wide range of applications across the commercial and industrial sectors. While all bronze castings share similar properties, this alloy can be altered through the introduction of lead, aluminum, and tin just to name some elements. Beryllium Copper Castings: This advanced and rather exotic copper alloy has a high strength component along with high thermal and electrical conductivity. This material is ideal for anyone who demands complex and high-precision shapes, with its refined appearance only matched by its durability and wear characteristics. Contact:
Phone: Fax: Email: ZEN YOUNG TECHNOLOGY HEBEI CO., LTD.
Tower A 2808-2809, No.363 South Tiyu Street, Century Central Mansion,Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China Shijiazhuang 050000 China 9/18/25 7:12 GMT
Aluminum Casting
Aluminum is well known for being lightweight. In fact, it is almost three times lighter than iron, with a density of 2,700 kg/m3. Remarkably, the low density of aluminum does not affect its strength. Aluminum alloys have a wide range of strength characteristics with tensile strengths ranging from 70 to 700 MPa. At low temperatures, the strength of aluminum increases, while at high temperatures, it decreases. Aluminum can also be easily machined, and the power required is low due to the lower density. The high levels of malleability of aluminum give it the ability to be extruded easily. This enables the product to be bent and rolled, and is a key characteristic in the creation of aluminum foils. Aluminum is widely applied in different casting parts serving a range of industries, both non industrial and industrial uses. aluminum foundries use various casting technologies, and quality is one of the key factors in deciding which technology is suitable. Aluminum casting methods vary in different manufacturing processes, from sand casting, die casting, pressure die casting, continuous casting, shell mold casting, etc. Each aluminum casting process will have its advantages and disadvantages. Depending on the casting’s size and complexity, we can choose the most suitable method. Aluminum investment casting Aluminum investment casting produces a wide array of complex and lightweight components. By heating the material above its melting point and pouring it into the mold, it will solidify into the required 3D shape. First, a pattern is produced for mold preparation, then wax is injected into the mold. Depending on the project type, die casting may be used. If a stronger casting is required, a semi-permanent or permanent mold casting may be used. Next the mold is sanded and de-waxed. Finally, the aluminum casting is polished and tested and machined into a final product. Aluminum castings are popular in the automotive, aerospace, and machinery industry. They are used for a number of commercial and industrial applications due to their ability to withstand high operating temperatures, thermal conductivity, and full recyclability. Depending on the intended mechanical properties and project demands, aluminum castings are selected for their lightweight and durable features. Aluminum Die Casting Die casting is ideal for large order quantities and large-scale pieces because it delivers consistency and repeatability. Aluminum die casting delivers ideal tolerance control and surface finish with high volume capacity. The quenching transfer time is less than 15 seconds, delivering consistently precise die cast parts. Low Pressure Aluminum Die Casting Process Our die casting machines inject molten aluminum into the die. When the molten aluminum solidifies, the casting is ejected. Complex projects use hydraulic cylinders to achieve perfection and accuracy. The end result is a lightweight and durable product that is fully recyclable and reusable in production. Contact:
Phone: Fax: Email: ZEN YOUNG TECHNOLOGY HEBEI CO., LTD.
Tower A 2808-2809, No.363 South Tiyu Street, Century Central Mansion,Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China Shijiazhuang 050000 China 9/18/25 7:11 GMT
OEM Pump Impeller
The impeller, also known as the rotor, is the rotating part of a centrifugal pump and is usually made of iron, steel, bronze, brass or aluminum. For many processing units, it is an extremely important component because it pumps fluid outward from the center of rotation and transfers it to the pressure inside the pump casing. OEM Pump Impeller Size range from 0.1 kg to over 1000 kg For pump, impeller and valve castings Heat treatments (annealed, hardened and tempered, normalized and tempered, fully hardened, age hardened, surface hardened, etc.) Proprietary and industry standards (ISO 9001::215) NDT (non-destructive testing) at all levels Small runner pattern capability Impeller casting expertise Excellent performance, smooth surface finish Prototype casting Drawing:Provide by customer, or design according as the sample,in the format of Pro/E, Auto-CAD, SOLIDWORK, CAXA, UG, CAD, CAM, CAE, STP, IGES, etc. Zen Young has been working with customers in the pump, impeller and valve casting industries for many years. Because of this specialization, many of the global leaders in your industry have chosen us as their pump, impeller, and valve impeller casting manufacturers and OEM supplier. We understand the unique needs and concerns of your industry, and have developed and perfected the art of manufacturing impellers. We can machine, key slot, balance and assemble impellers to your specifications. Our decades of experience in fabricating and testing bearing castings, pump housings/valve bodies, worm housings, valve covers, diffusers, valve flaps, and more are invaluable in manufacturing your precision pump and valve components. Contact:
Phone: Fax: Email: ZEN YOUNG TECHNOLOGY HEBEI CO., LTD.
Tower A 2808-2809, No.363 South Tiyu Street, Century Central Mansion,Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China Shijiazhuang 050000 China 9/18/25 7:10 GMT
Bronze Impellers Pump Impellers
An impeller is a rotating part of a centrifugal pump, typically constructed from bronze using sand casting. Bronze impellers transfer energy from the motor driving the pump to the fluid being pumped by accelerating the fluid and directing it outward from the center of rotation. The velocity generated by the impeller is converted into pressure as the outward-moving fluid is contained by the pump casing. Since impellers do not have large blades like propellers, they can rotate at much higher speeds. Typically, impellers are cylindrical in shape, with an open inlet (often called an eye) to allow the incoming liquid to enter, vanes to push the fluid radially, and a splined, keyed, or threaded bore to connect to a rotating driveshaft. Bronze impellers play a critical role in various pump systems due to their exceptional strength, long-lasting durability, and resistance to corrosion. These properties make them well-suited for environments where pumps are regularly exposed to moisture and corrosive elements. Opting for high-quality bronze impellers helps guarantee dependable and efficient performance, even in challenging conditions. Whether you need standard or custom-designed impellers, bronze is a top choice for ensuring the extended life and reliable operation of your pump system. Bronze casting Impeller Features: Material: Cast bronze C90300 Weight: 5.5kgs Application: Pump & Valves/Food /Chemical/Water supply Place of Origin: Hebei, China Brand Name: OEM Process: Sand Casting +Machining+Painting Heat Treatment: No Machining: CNC Machining https://www.zen-young.com/ Contact:
Phone: Fax: Email: ZEN YOUNG TECHNOLOGY HEBEI CO., LTD.
Tower A 2808-2809, No.363 South Tiyu Street, Century Central Mansion,Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China Shijiazhuang 050000 China SOURCE: Import-Export Bulletin Board (https://www.imexbb.com/)
© 1996-2026 IMEXBB.com. All rights reserved.
|
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||